Window construction



Jan. 27, 1931. s. C. DRE-HER 1,789,970

WINDOW CONSTRUCT ION Filed Oct. 30, 1929 I N VEN TOR.

N w/ ATTORNEY.

Patented Jan. 27, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE STANLEY c. Damian, or CINCINNATI, oII-Io, assIGNon 'ro THE NEWMAN HamacrUaING jOIIPANY, or Non'woon, oHIo, a coaPona'rIoN or omol wINnow coNsraUcfrroN Application filed October 30, 1929. e'rial No. 403,608.

My invention relates to double-hung windows, and its object is-'to afford weathertightness and easy working of the sashes of such windows, by an easily assembled and I simple arrangement which, once assembled, is ver firm and substantial, but which may readi y be taken apart if repairs or other attention is required. Other objects will ap'ear in the course of the following description. ,i i 1 I attain these objects by the device illustrated, for example, in the accompanying drawing, in which-- Figure 1 is a verticalsection, intermediate l5 portions being omitted;

Fig. 2 is a partial horizontal section; and

Fig. 3 is a partial interior elevation.

The window frame comprises' the sill 11 sloping downward to the outside of the window as usual; its inner edge being fixed, by a longitudinal dovetail strip 2e in a cor-' responding groove in the upturned edge part of the sill, to the window ledge 3 lwith which 'the stri outer e e of the ledge 3, whichthus forms a shoulre', a lapping ridge 4 projects up from the sill, and farther out a second laping ridge 5 also projects up from the sill,

' ing somewhat higher than the first men- 80 tioned ridge 4; both of these' ridges 4 and 5 being integral with the sill 1 and running from en d to end thereof. These ridges 4 and 5 preferably' are provided at intervals with openings '6 and 7, respectively, down next to the sill, for escape of water condensing on the inner parts of the window. ,I

The window frame also comprises upright jambs 8, one of which is shown, andthe cap 9; all of 'these being of the same cross-sectional shape and arrangement, consisting of` a middle member 10 having a trough like `projection 11 along its middle, to form the j parting strip for the two sashes, and having just inward from this-projection 11 a lapping ridge 12, and having near its outer edge a similar lapping ridge 13. This member 10.has the projection 11 and the ridges 12 and 13 integral with it. The inner and outer-casing members 14 and 15 are offset to form edge flanges 16 and 17 lapping behind 2 is integral. Outward from the' the adjacent edge portions of the jamb or cap middle mem 'er 10 which is fastened to these casing. members by screws 18 passing through the member 10 into the respective flanges. This offsetting also forms shoul ders 19' and 2,0, respect1vely, facing toward'v the sides of the parting stripprojectionv 1l of the member 10; thus forming channels with the respective lapping ridges 12 and 13 nearV the outer sides of the respective channels. It will be understood that this frame and casing assemblage is mit'ered and suitably secured together at the upper corners,

lwhile the bases of the jambs are 4abutted against the end portions of the sill 1 and suitably fastencd thereto.

The, r` wer sash comprises the bottom rail 21 of cross-section in the form of an inverted channel withv an outer l`portion of its web stepped down, leaving a shoulder 22 facing outwardly, and with an upstanding in tegral 'bead 23. near the' outer edge of this stepped-down portion, of the height of/the shoulder 22. This formation results in a channel receiving the lower edge` of the glass 24 of the sash. The depending flanges of this rail 21 straddle the two lappmg ridges 4 and 5 when the sash is down; the inner flange 25 fitting closely between the inner ridge 4 and the edge of the ledge 3, and the outer flange 26 fitting closely against the outer side of the outer ridge 5. Thev ridges and flanges have their edges rounded or tapered to facilitate guidance ofthe sash into this relation with the sill ridges.

. The lower sash top rail is made up of an innerpiece, an outer piece,and a top piece. The inner piece is a channel with its top flange 27 and its bottom flange28 outward; the latter having an upturned rib v29 along its outer edge, and the junction of the upper flange 27 with the web having an upstandin bead 30. The outer piece is a channel wit its top flange 3 1 extending inward in the plane of the top flange 27 of the inner channel, and its lower flange 32 extending inwardly, vthen offset downwardly, with its lower edge .offset inwardly, forming a rib 33 facing the rib -29 of the inner channel. These l ribs 29 and 33 receive the upper edge part of 100 34 extends out@ ast/thefouter.channehrk and l' has along its outeriedge a depending lapping strip 36, integral therewith.

` is deeper,"with a bead 38`of V-shaped ,cross-section along its edge, directed outridge 40, is thickened and has in its thickened.`

Each vstile `or side-rail of the lower sash is made up of. achannel similar to the sash bottom rail, and a sash edge plate 37. The

stepped formation of the channel,-withthe shoulder 22 and bead 23, is identical with that of the bottom rail, resulting kin a receptacle for the upright edge of the glass 24.

'The outer flange 26 of this channelis like that of the bottom rail; but the inner flange ward. Each edge plate 37 comprisesa' flange 39 along its outer edge, lapping outsidethe outer flange 26 of the channel, and two oppositely directed lapping ridges 40 and 41 on its opposite side,the inner one 40 being along the innerl edge of the plate, and the outer one 41 being inward some distance from the outer edge of the plate, leaving a shoulder 42. The inner edge part of the plate, nextV to the portion a groove 43 of V-shaped cross-sec tion, throughout the lengthV of the plate, receiving the bead 38,0f the inner flange 25 ofthe channel. A Y

The channel portions of the Stiles are fastened to the edge plates 37 by screws 44 passingout through the inner flange 25, with their heads countersunk therein, and having their threaded parts reduced, forming shoulders 45;y these reduced parts passing through the outer flanges 26 of the channelsandl threading into the lapping flanges 39 of'the edge plates to draw these flanges tightly together, while the heads of the screws draw the inner'flanges 25 so that their beads 38 wedge tightly in the grooves 43 of the edge plates. The lapping ridges 40 and 41 of the edge plates 37 fit in the inner channels of the middle members 1() of the jambs 8; the inner ridge 40 lying close to the shoulders 19 of the inner casing member 14, and thev outer ridge 41 lying between the parting strip projection 11 and the lapping r1dge 12, while the shoulder 42 of the edge plate 37 laps out across the face of the parting projection 11. Each edge plate 37 has a hook 46 by which it is connected to the respective sash` weight chain 47. v

The bottom rail of the upper sash is made up of a channel similar to that of the lower sash bottom rail, and an angle bar 48 fastened to the inner flange 25" of this channel by screws49 passing through its upright mem- "plate ridges 40 and 41 fitting in :loweredge of thefup'persash glass 24 4by means of itsv stepped formation, with, the shoulder 22, and the bead 23, as in the lower sash. The outer flange 26 of thischannelv is not as deepas the inner flange 25 thereof. The side rails or stiles of the upper sash "are made upl of channels and edge plates the same asthose ofthe lower sash;"theedge l the outer `channels ofthe jamb members 10, withthe outeriridge between the casing shoulder 20 and theridge 13f the member 10.

The top rail ofv the upper sash comprises an inner channelsimilar to that of the lower sash top rail; the top bead 30 preferably being omitted, so that the top flange 21"of the chan-4 lnel comes closely up to the cap middle memberx10 `with the stop extension 11 thereof lapping across the inner side of the channel. f

A bar 51 forms vthe outer side of the top rail,

and has a thin upper edge 52 entering between' the shoulder 20 Tand the ridge 13 of the cap member 10 and'top outer casingmember 15,

' respectively. The lower edge 33 of this bar is Iformed like the vrib 33 on the lower sash, and the upper edge of the glass 24 is held between this edge part 33 and the up'turned rib 29of the lower flange 28 of the channel. The glass 24 is slipped down' into vplace through the open -top of the sash before `the screws -53 are inserted. These screws pass out through the web ofthe channel, with their ,heads sunken therein, and their threaded end vparts arey reduced, forming shoulders 54 `which bear on the inner side of the bar 51 when the threaded endparts are screwed into the bar, holding the bar in vlace horizontally, while the ends of the ar 51 are understood to miter with and attach to the upper ends of the outer flanges '26 of the upper sash stile channels. The upper sash weight chains 47 will be understood as being hooked tothe sash edge plates, as are the chains 47 to the lower sa/sh. The cap middle member 10 and the overlapping casing flanges 16 and 17 to which it is screwed have o enings up through which the chains 47 and 4 pass, to run over suitable pulleys as usual.

A usual lock is provided for lthe sashes, comprising a cam device 55 screwed to the top plate 34 of the lower sash, and a hook 56 screwed to the top of the upper sash bottom rail channel; and on the bottom rail of the 'loo At the sill ridges 4 and 5 and vsash channel fianfes4 lower sash a suitable handle 57 is fixed to the corresponding part of its channel. When the v meeting rails of the two sashes are drawn together Vby the lock, a two-place closure is formed between them by the strip 36 against the upper sash rail ,and the rib 50 a ainst the lower sash rail; and in addition, t e top ofthe angle bar 48 draws up againstkthe flange 32 of Ithe lower sash channel. This affords a very effective closure at the meeting rails. bottom of the window,.the coacting and 26, together withithqe ledge shoulder, guide the4 lower sash into effective closing position; and the action of the upper *edge of the b ar 51 between theshoulder 20 and ridge 13 has the same effect on the upper sash. At

. 42 across the casing member 15.

each side, the sash outer ridge 41 between the jamb ridge 13 and jamb shoulder 20, together with the lappin of the sash shoulder 42 across the face o the jamb 15, will afford only an intricate passage around the lower sash; and 'the same effect is produced for the upper sash by the like relation of the sash outer ridge 41 to the casing shoulder 20 and jamb ridge 13, and of the sash shoulder This is added to, for the lower sash, by the adj acency of the sash inner ridge to the casing shoulder 19, and for the upper sashhby `the same relation of its ridge 40 to thel stop projection 11. Thus, very effective closure is effected atl all edges of the sashes.

By making the channeled sash structure *detachable from the edge plates 37, which latter attach to the weight chains and fit the jambs for effective closure as described, as well as for smooth guidance, the assembly of the window parts is facilitated; and this permits the stop strip elements 11 to be integral with the jambs and permits the latter to4 be set back into the casing members 14 and 15, which latter are permanently secured to the building wall andl to the plaster or other finish of the wall. In ordinary window construction, a strip corresponding to one of the casing shoulders 19 and 20, as well as the parting strip corresponding to the projection 11, must be removed' for removal of the sash and must be placed in position after the sash is installed, making the assemblage diflicult, and practically precluding the use of the increased closure elements on the sash edges and j ambs, such as are readily provided with the construction herein set forth.

It will be understood that, in mullioned windows, the formation of the respective sides of the mullions, with the jamb members 10,

would be likethe casing as set forth; and

what is set forth as a cap may be the transomy base of a transomed window.

The construction and arrangement as set forthjis that of an all" metal structure, in which my invention is most advantageously embodied, and for which the peculiar shapes may be made conveniently by the m'et-al' ex- -trusion processes; the material usually being bronze. v However, substantially. the same structure may' be produced 'by rolled.v or pressed sheet metal, or

partly of metal vand partly 'of wood, orentgirely of wood; theV V latter material-involving the use of more bulky shapes yet having 'the essential `ele ments for effecting the objects set forth. Such modifications of material, and of Vshapes incident thereto,as'well as modifications for other 1 f5 reasons, may occur in various practices. s

. Therefore, while I vhave specifically 'described and illustrated a certain example of my invention, I do not wish to be unde'rstood as being limited to such precise disclosure,

but what I claim as new and desire tol secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a window construction, a sash comprising permanent Stiles and upright edge memberson Ithe respective Stiles, each stile' and its respective edge member having means whereby the. stile and member are wedged together and each having allaterally extended part lapping across a part of the other, means detachably securing saidlapping parts together and securing the stiles and members in wedged-together' relation, and j-ambs hav- 2. In ak window construction, a sash stil a bead along its edge directed toward the other flange of the channel, an-edge member on said stile having a groove entered by said bead and having a flange lapping across said other flange of the channel, fastening means erally opening channel with a flange having extending through said edge member flange and the adjacent stile flange, and a j amb having a guideway receiving said edge member. 5. In a window construction, a sash com `prising a permanent stile consisting cfa laterally opening channel with a flange having a bead along its edge directed toward the other flange of the channel, an edge member on said stile having a groove entered by said beadand havin a flange lapping across said other flange o? the channel, fastening means extending through said edge member flange and both stile anges, and a jamb having uideways receiving the respective edge 95 I incr ing a reduced part passing through saidL other i fstile flange with ashoulder against this other f flange, and V'being threaded into said ledge j amb guideway receivmember.

' member "flange, and a ing said edge member.

7 In a window construction, a sashrcon prising a permanent stile consisting of a laterally opening channel with a ange having" abead of V-shapedcross section along' its edge' directed toward the other flange of the channel, an edge member on said stile, having a groove of f'V-shapedfcross,section entered by said bead and having a'flange lapping across said other iange of the channel, fas-7 tening means extending through said edge member ilange andthe adjacent stile flange,

and av jamb guideway receiving said edge STANLEY c. DREHER.

a gnideway receiving said edge "member@ 6. :In a window construction, a `sash Vcomprisv'rnga permanent stile consisting'of a lat# erally opening channel with a flange having -a bead along itsedge directed-toward the 'other flange of the channel, an'edge' member" on said sti-le havingagroovel'ntered by said-V` bead and having-a flange .lapping acrosssaidl-` otheril'ange of the'y vcha'nneL' a screw havinga head engaging said beaded flange-and hav- 

